Hardware
Buy memory,not speed.
Which machine runs which models is arithmetic, not opinion: measured file sizes, computed context cache, stated margins. Start with the guide that fits your budget, or jump straight to your card.
Guide · start here
Local AI on a budget
Which used and entry-level cards genuinely run local models, what to avoid, and what to check before buying second-hand. Fit counts computed, no street prices.
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Profile · the middle path
DGX Spark
128 GB of unified memory on a desk — capacity, not speed. When a personal AI box is rational, and when renting beats it.
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Collect · every decade
Radar Cards
Twelve machines from the 3dfx Voodoo to the DGX Spark as holographic spec cards: sourced facts, and what today's models would run on each. Numbers issued in claim order, no blockchain.
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Every tracked GPU
◇ Estimated— Estimated: computed from our curated model and hardware catalog — not a live reading.Comfortable = rated Excellent or Good at 8K context by the same fit engine as every page here. Each card has its own page with every verdict and the arithmetic behind it.
- RTX 3060 Ti8 GB10 of 49 models run comfortably · Last-gen 8 GB
- RTX 30708 GB10 of 49 models run comfortably · Last-gen 8 GB
- RTX 40608 GB10 of 49 models run comfortably · Budget 8 GB
- RTX 50608 GB10 of 49 models run comfortably · Current budget 8 GB
- RTX 308010 GB13 of 49 models run comfortably · Last-gen 10 GB
- RTX 2080 Ti11 GB14 of 49 models run comfortably · Turing 11 GB
- RTX 3060 12GB12 GB15 of 49 models run comfortably · Budget classic
- RTX 3080 Ti12 GB15 of 49 models run comfortably · Ampere 12 GB
- RTX 407012 GB15 of 49 models run comfortably · Entry local
- RTX 4070 Super12 GB15 of 49 models run comfortably · Last-gen 12 GB
- RTX 4070 Ti12 GB15 of 49 models run comfortably · Last-gen 12 GB
- RTX 507012 GB15 of 49 models run comfortably · Current 12 GB
- RTX 4060 Ti 16GB16 GB17 of 49 models run comfortably · Budget 16 GB
- RTX 4070 Ti Super16 GB17 of 49 models run comfortably · Last-gen 16 GB
- RTX 408016 GB17 of 49 models run comfortably · Solid local
- RTX 5060 Ti 16GB16 GB17 of 49 models run comfortably · Current budget 16 GB
- RTX 5070 Ti16 GB17 of 49 models run comfortably · Fast 16 GB
- RTX 508016 GB17 of 49 models run comfortably · Current 16 GB
- RX 9070 XT16 GB17 of 49 models run comfortably · Current AMD 16 GB
- RTX 309024 GB24 of 49 models run comfortably · Used-market value
- RTX 3090 Ti24 GB24 of 49 models run comfortably · Ampere 24 GB
- RTX 409024 GB24 of 49 models run comfortably · Local workhorse
- RX 7900 XTX24 GB24 of 49 models run comfortably · AMD 24 GB
- RTX 509032 GB31 of 49 models run comfortably · Top consumer
Apple Silicon
Planned at 70% of unified memory — macOS caps what the GPU may take, and the pages say so.
- Mac mini M6 16GB16 GB unified15 of 49 models run comfortably · Apple unified 16 GB
- Mac mini M5 Pro 24GB24 GB unified17 of 49 models run comfortably · Apple unified 24 GB
- Mac Studio M5 Max 36GB36 GB unified27 of 49 models run comfortably · Apple unified 36 GB
- Mac mini M4 Pro 64GB64 GB unified31 of 49 models run comfortably · Apple unified 64 GB
- Mac Studio M4 Max 64GB64 GB unified31 of 49 models run comfortably · Apple unified 64 GB
- Mac Studio M3 Ultra 96GB96 GB unified33 of 49 models run comfortably · Apple unified 96 GB
- Mac Studio M5 Ultra 96GB96 GB unified33 of 49 models run comfortably · Apple unified 96 GB
- NVIDIA DGX Spark128 GB unified37 of 49 models run comfortably · Personal AI system
Reading the hardware pages
As of today's readingsOn November 2, 2026 the page covers 32 machines with a page of their own: 24 graphics cards and 8 Macs and systems, from 8 to 128 GB of memory. At 8K context the NVIDIA DGX Spark runs 37 of the 49 tracked models comfortably, the RTX 5060 10.
Every machine on this page has a profile: its memory, how much of that memory a model can actually use, its bandwidth, and where it stands between the budget cards and the workstation class. From the profile and the measured file sizes the fit engine computes, for every tracked model, whether it runs comfortably, tightly, or not without offloading, at four reference contexts. The grid below shows the count of comfortable models per machine; each machine's own page shows every verdict and the arithmetic behind it.
The usable memory rule is the one assumption that decides most verdicts. A discrete card plans with a declared share of its sticker memory, because the driver, the display and the allocator keep the rest; a Mac plans with the share of unified memory macOS lets the GPU take, which is lower and stated on every Mac page. The engine never rounds in the machine's favour: a model that lands a few hundred megabytes over the line is rated as not fitting, because that is what happens on a desktop with a browser open.
The page says nothing about speed. Two machines with the same memory get the same verdicts here even when one of them produces tokens three times faster, because speed depends on the runtime, the quantization, the batch size and the driver, none of which this site measures. Memory decides whether a model runs at all; the hardware pages tell you that, and leave the rest to a benchmark you trust.
Not sure what you have? The finder detects your GPU in the browser and gives every model a verdict against it.
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